The Ambrosian Mass Gloria of St. Ambrose of Milan fourth century A.D. - Interlinear Latin and English

In 49 A.D. held by the Apostles themselves, the first Church Council was held at Jerusalem which has always been the mother of the Churches, for there Our Lord Jesus Christ was born, lived and redeemed us and suffered and died and rose again and will return to, from heaven in the flesh with all His elect angels, and raise and judge all men that have ever been.

Later Councils.

The Church Councils which in history at their respective times were agreed upon by East and West were:

1. The First General Council of Nicaea, 325 A.D.

2. The First General Council of Constantinople, 381 A.D.

3. The General Council of Ephesus, 431. A.D.

4. The General Council of Chalcedon, 451 A.D.

5. The Second General Council of Constantinople, 553 A.D.

6. The Third General Council of Constantinople, 680-681. A.D.

7. The Second General Council of Nicaea, 787 A.D.

8. The Fourth General Council of Constantinople, 869-70 A.D.

Patriarch Photios I of Constantinople was deposed as an usurper and his predecessor Saint Ignatius was reinstated. For his machinations which in the East were seen as heretical and divisive at that time, Photius had been declared deposed by the Pope earlier. The Church of Constantinople accepted this at this, the The Fourth General Council of Constantinople. In the following centuries the East divided from West increasingly by political considerations of the East and the West insisting on its own interpretation of everything, in a snub thrown at the West, Photios was declared a saint by some – his life is anything but that.

After the Great Schism of the 11th century A.D. the Vatican started calling councils in the West starting with Lateran I.

St. Ambrose of Milan

St. Ambrose is the Church Father whose preaching led to the conversion of St. Augustine of Hippo, with the aid of St. Augustine's mother St. Monica's prayers for 16 years for her son to save him from hell. St. Augustine recounts his own conversion as coming to the point of confession in the True God when repenting of his profligate ways (he had lived without benefit of marriage with his lady friend for some years):

Confessions of Saint Augustine

Chapter XII

"So was I speaking and weeping in the most bitter contrition of my heart, when, lo! I heard from a neighbouring house a voice, as of boy or girl, I know not, chanting, and oft repeating, “Take up and read; Take up and read. “ Instantly, my countenance altered, I began to think most intently whether children were wont in any kind of play to sing such words: nor could I remember ever to have heard the like. So checking the torrent of my tears, I arose; interpreting it to be no other than a command from God to open the book, and read the first chapter I should find. For I had heard of Antony [St. Anthony of the desert who was St. Athanasius' mentor in the faith], that coming in during the reading of the Gospel, he received the admonition, as if what was being read was spoken to him: Go, sell all that thou hast, and give to the poor, and thou shalt have treasure in heaven, and come and follow me: and by such oracle he was forthwith converted unto Thee. Eagerly then I returned to the place where Alypius was sitting; for there had I laid the volume of the Apostle when I arose thence. I seized, opened, and in silence read that section on which my eyes first fell: Not in rioting and drunkenness, not in chambering and wantonness, not in strife and envying; but put ye on the Lord Jesus Christ, and make not provision for the flesh, in concupiscence. No further would I read; nor needed I: for instantly at the end of this sentence, by a light as it were of serenity infused into my heart, all the darkness of doubt vanished away."

The Church Fathers begin with the Apostolic Fathers who lived in the first and second centuries A.D., who were taught directly by the Apostles and preserved their teaching after their deaths {THAT IS THE LITERAL MEANING OF "TRADITION" FROM THE GREEK "parádosis" that is "give (hand over) referring to tradition as passed on from one generation to the next" IN THE NEW TESTAMENT}: St. Ignatius of Antioch, St. Papias of Heirapolis, St. Polycarp of Smyrna (all in the East) and St. Clement of Rome (West - especially noted for his use of the Old Latin Gospels which predated the Silver Latin which far predated the Latin of St. Jerome - the Old Latin was concurrent Latin with language of the Greek Originals of the Gospels). The last of the Church Fathers in the West is St. Isidore of Seville (d. 636 A.D.) and St. John Damascene in the East (d. 760 A.D.).

The Doctors of the Church are certain Nicene-Post Nicene Church Fathers selected for their importance of doctrine and witness. Also note they begin with one of the most influential Church Fathers of the first council of Nicaea – St. Athanasius.

West

St. Gregory the Great, St. Ambrose, St. Augustine, St. Jerome

East

Saint Athanasius, Saint Basil the Great, St. Gregory Nazianzen, St. John Chrysostom

Together in order of their time on earth, earliest to the latest (determined by time of their death).

Saint Athanasius

Saint Basil the Great

St. Gregory Nazianzen

St. Ambrose

St. John Chrysostom

St. Jerome

St. Augustine

St. Gregory the Great

Latin of St. Ambrose

Gloria in excelsis deo. Et in terra pax hominibus bonæ voluntatis. Laudamus te. Benedicimus te. Adoramus te. Glorificamus te. Gratias agimus tibi propter magnam gloriam tuam. Domine Deus, Rex cælestis: Deus, Pater omnipotens. Domine Fili unigenite, Jesu Christe, Domine Deus, Agnus Dei, Filius Patris,. Qui tollis peccata mundi: miserere nobis. Qui tollis peccata mundi: suscipe deprecationem nostram. Qui sedes ad dexteram Patris: miserere nobis. Quoniam tu solus sanctus. Tu solus Dominus. Tu solus altissimus. Jesu Christe. Cum Sancto Spiritu: in gloria Dei Patris. Amen.

Interlinear Latin and English

Gloria in excelsis deo. Et in terra pax hominibus bonæ voluntatis. Laudamus te.
Glory to God in the Highest. And on earth peace to men of good will. We praise You.

Benedicimus te. Adoramus te. Glorificamus te. Gratias agimus tibi propter magnam gloriam tuam. We bless You. We adore [worship] You. We glorify You. We give You thanks for Your great glory.

Domine Deus, Rex cælestis: Deus, Pater omnipotens. Lord God, King of heaven: God, Father Almighty ["Pantocrator" in Greek]

Domine Fili unigenite, Lord Son Only Generated, [Generated from before all time and creation in the Father's bosom, heart of hearts - Greek "egennEthEsan" - Gospel of John 1:13 translated by convention as begotten but emphatically in the early Greek speaking Church Fathers, St. Irenaeus et al, as Generated, and specifically not begotten as in a human father]

Jesu Christe, Domine Deus, Agnus Dei, Filius Patris,. Jesus Christ, Lord God, Lamb of God, [Eternal] Son of the Father,.

Qui tollis peccata mundi: miserere nobis. 
You who take away the sins of the world: have mercy on us.

Qui tollis peccata mundi: suscipe deprecationem nostram.
You who take away the sins of the world, receive our prayer.

Qui sedes ad dexteram Patris: miserere nobis.
Thou that sittest at the right hand of the Father, have mercy on us.

Quoniam tu solus sanctus. Tu solus Dominus. Tu solus altissimus. Jesu Christe.
For you alone are holy. The Only Lord. You alone. Jesus Christ.

Cum Sancto Spiritu: in gloria Dei Patris. Amen.
With the Holy Spirit, in the glory of God the Father. Amen

English

Glory to God in the highest. And on earth peace to men of good will. We praise you. We bless you. We adore you. We glorify you. We thank you for Your great glory. O Lord God, heavenly King,: O God, the Father almighty. O Lord, only 'begotten' [generated] Son, Jesus Christ, Lord God, Lamb of God, Son of the Father. You who take away the sins of the world: have mercy on us. You who take away the sins of the world, receive our prayer. Thou that sittest at the right hand of the Father, have mercy on us. For You alone are Holy. The Only Lord. You alone. Jesus Christ. With the Holy Spirit, in the glory of God the Father. Amen.